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Bones project Studies in Forensic Science                                                       Objective The objective of this project was to see how much force will leave behind patterns of trauma to the bones. The bones will subject to blunt force impact, butchery, burial, carnivorous activity or burning. The steps will include picking an anatomical region, choosing a trauma, preparation and analysis.                                 Initial Observation and Procedure The first step was to select an anatomical region of an animal. I choose to use the upper limbs...

Prelab- Preparation of dibromosuccinic acid Table of Chemicals: Chemical Hazards Mol. Wt. Density Grams Moles Fumaric acid Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. 116.07 g/mol 1.64 g/cm³ 0.2 g 0.0028 mol Bromine Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. It can burn your skin and respiratory tract 159.808 g/mol 3.1 g.cm -3 2.5 mL 0.047 mol Procedure 1.       Weigh out 0.2 g of fumaric acid and place it in a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask. 2.       Add 2.5 mL of bromine stock solution. 3.       Heat the resulting solution in a boiling water bath for 12-15 minutes. 4.       If the solution becomes colorless add bromine stock solution to maintain a pale yellow to orange color. 5.       Cool your flask in ice and collect the product by vacuum filtration. 6.       Ri...

Pre lab #10 Substitution of Phenylalanine Table of Chemicals: Chemical Hazards Mol. Wt. Density Grams Moles L-Phenylalanine Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. 165.19 g/mol 1.29 g/cm 3 1.65g 0.00999mol H2SO4 - Sulfuric acid Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. It can burn your skin and respiratory tract 98.079 g/mol 1.84 g/cm³ 10g 0.204 mol NaNO2- Sodium nitrite Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. 68.9953 g/mol 2.17 g/cm³ 5 g 0.1449 mol Procedure    Cork the flask, label it with your name and leave it under the hood. Collect the Product by cooling the reaction mixture in ice and vacuum filter to isolate the product.   Rinse the product with ice cold water and allow it to dry until the next lab period. Combine your product with your classmates to achieve a mass of about 12 grams. 5.   Weigh the total mass of the combined products 6. ...

Prelab Lab #5: TLC and Column Chromatography Chemicals Hazards MW Grams Density Moles Hexane Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. 86.17536 g/mol 9.0 ml 655 kg/m³ 0.07 mol Acetone Irritate eye and skin 58.08 g/mol 2.0 ml 791 kg/m³ 0.03 mol Alumina Don’t ingestion. Irritates skin and eye contact. 101.96 g/mol 1.25 g 3.95 g/cm³ 0.013 mol Fluorene Irritate eye and skin 166.22 g/mol 0.3 ml 1.2 g/cm³ 0.002 mol Fluorenone Irritate eye and skin 180.192 g/mol 0.3 ml 1.13 g/cm³ 0.0017 mol Procedure Take four test tube and two Pasteur pipets Place 9 ml hexane, 2 ml acetone and 2 ml 70% hexane-30% acetone in 3 Erlenmeyer flasks. Place 0.3 ml of step 2 solution. Prepare 4 micropipets. Prepare a chromatography column with alumina. Place cotton in the Pasteur pipet. Add 1.25 g of alumina to the pipet Place test tube 1 under the column. ...