Solubility Experiment- Post Lab 2

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Observation
1.       After poring the water on the Biphenyl the biphenyl raised to the top of the water.
2.       The methyl acid took about 20 seconds to completely dissolve in the methyl alcohol.
3.       When ever the water and the alcohol were insoluble two layers were formed.

Part A
Water
Methyl Alcohol
Hexane
Benzophenone
Insoluble
Soluble
Partially Soluble
Malonic Acid
Soluble
Soluble
Insoluble
Biphenyl
insoluble
Partially soluble
Soluble

Part B
Alcohol


Octanol
Insoluble
Soluble
Butanol
Partially Soluble
Soluble
Methanol
Soluble
Soluble

Part C
Water
Hexane
Ethyl Alcohol
Miscible

Diethyl ether
Immiscible

Methylene Chloride
Immiscible

Hexane
Immiscible

Methylene Chloride

Miscible
 


Compare the solubility results of biphenyl and benzophenone and explain why you would expect the results to differ. Explain the solubility trends you observed from the alcohols in part B.

Benzophenone and Biphenyl are nonpolar, whereas water is highly polar, meaning that benzophenone and Biphenyl will most likely insoluble in water. Methanol Alcohol is intermediately polar which means it can dissolve both polar and nonpolar molecules. Since both Benzophenone and Biphenyl is nonpolar you would expect to get the same results. However, with my results Benzophenone was soluble in methyl alcohol whereas, Biphenyl was partially soluble. This happens because Biphenyl is less polar than benzophenone. Hexane, Benzophenone and biphenyl are non-polar and since most nonpolar will dissolve in nonpolar benzophenone and biphenyl were both expected to be completely soluble in hexane. However, my results show that benzophenone was partially soluble and biphenyl was soluble this occurs because Biphenyl is more nonpolar than Benzophenone.

1-Octanol and hexane was soluble because they are both nonpolar even though OH group in 1-Octanol is polar the train of carbon is nonpolar. 1-Octanol and water is insoluble because the molecular weight of the Octanol decrease its polarity. 1-Butonal and water is partially soluble because until 1-Octanol the molecular weight of the Butanol is less meaning it a little more polar than 1-Octanol and that’s why the Butanol is partially soluble in water. 1-Butanol is soluble in Hexane for the same reason why 1-Octanol is soluble in hexane. Methyl alcohol is soluble in water because they are both polar whereas Methyl alcohol is insoluble in hexane because hexane is a nonpolar hydrocarbon and methyl is polar.

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